Offshore topside piping tsim los ntawm kev lag luam tiag - tawm ntawm ob tsev neeg hwm alloy uas ob leeg xa cov dej hiav txwv zoo thiab cov tshuaj chloride tsis kam tab sis tuaj txog ntawm qhov kev tawm tsam los ntawm kev sib txawv ntawm cov hlau:S32760 super duplex(feem ntau paub los ntawm lub npe lag luam Zeron 100) thiab 6% molybdenum super- qib austenitic xws li 254SMO thiab AL6XN.
Ob qho tib si tau teev tseg nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv platforms, thiab kev xaiv ntawm lawv tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion ib leeg - nws yog hais txog qhov hnyav, weldability, qis - qhov kub thiab txias kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev pabcuam qaub sib haum. Phau ntawv qhia no muab piv rau ob tsev neeg hlau ncaj qha hla cov yam uas ua rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov khoom siv sab saum toj.
Dab tsi yog S32760 Super Duplex thiab 6Mo Super Austenitic Alloys?
S32760 ua tiav nws qhov kev ua tau zoo dhau los ntawm dual-theem austenite-ferrite microstructure ntxiv dag zog nrog tungsten thiab tooj liab ntxiv, thaum 6Mo super- qib austenitic ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab chloride los ntawm cov qauv austenitic tag nrho nrog - cov ntsiab lus ntau dua bdenum} thiab cov ntsiab lus nickum. qhov sib txawv uas tsav ze li txhua qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua tau raws li hauv phau ntawv qhia no.
S32760 yog super duplex stainless hlau, txhais tau hais tias nws sib xyaw ua ke sib npaug sib npaug ntawm austenite thiab ferrite theem, ntxiv dag zog nrog tungsten (ib qho tshwj xeeb txawv ntawm tus qauv duplex 2205 thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau nws cov pitting tsis kam) nrog rau chromium, molybdenum, thiab nitrogen. 6Mo super- qib austenitic, los ntawm qhov sib piv, yog cov austenitic tag nrho - tsis muaj ferrite theem ntawm tag nrho cov - cia siab rau cov ntsiab lus nickel siab heev (kwv yees li 18-25%) ua ke nrog molybdenum thiab nitrogen kom ua tiav lawv cov corrosion kuj. Ob tsev neeg mus txog qib zoo sib xws ntawm cov tshuaj chloride tsis kam, tab sis qhov sib txawv microstructural sib txawv - dual-theem piv rau ib zaug-theem - yog lub hauv paus ua rau lawv txawv zog, weldability, thiab qis - tus cwj pwm kub, txhua qhov sib tham hauv qab no.
Ib sab -los ntawm- sab piv ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb:
|
Khoom |
S32760 (Super Duplex) |
6Mo Super Austenitic (254SMO/AL6XN) |
Vim Li Cas Nws Tseem Ceeb |
|
Microstructure |
Dual{0}}phase, kwv yees li 50/50 austenite-ferrite |
Siab austenitic, ib theem |
Duplex theem tshuav nyiaj li cas yuav tsum tau tswj kom nquag plias thaum vuam; austenitic tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb sib npaug |
|
Kwv yees li. PREN |
≈ 40–41 (nrog rau tungsten pab) |
≈ 43–46 |
Ob leeg suav tias yog dej hiav txwv- muaj peev xwm; austenitic qib sib piv me ntsis siab dua nyob rau hauv feem ntau luam tawm sib piv |
|
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus yield zog (annealed) |
≈ 550-580 MPa (80-84 ksi) |
≈ 300-310 MPa (43-45 ksi) |
Duplex muaj kwv yees li 1.8-2x lub zog, ua kom cov phab ntsa nyias nyias rau tib qhov kev ntsuas siab |
|
Cov ntsiab lus nickel txheeb ze |
≈ 6–8% |
≈ 18–25% |
Duplex cov ntsiab lus qis dua nickel feem ntau muab nws cov khoom siv qis dua ib kilogram txawm tias piv rau PREN |
|
Tsawg-kub toughness |
Zoo, tab sis cov theem ferrite tuaj yeem txwv cov tawv nqaij ntawm qhov kub qis heev txheeb ze rau qib austenitic |
Zoo heev - austenitic FCC qauv tsis pom muaj qhov zawv zawg - mus rau - nkig hloov |
Muaj feem xyuam rau Arctic los yog qis heev ambient kub topside kev pab cuam |
Table 1. Cov cuab yeej sawv cev sib piv ntawm S32760 super duplex thiab 6Mo super- qib austenitic. Cov txiaj ntsig yog cov lus piav qhia thiab sib npaug los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv tau tshaj tawm; paub meej tias muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam txwv tsis pub dhau qhov tam sim no tsab ntawm ASTM / ASME specification ua ntej siv hauv cov ntaub ntawv tsim.
Yuav Ua Li Cas S32760 thiab 6Mo Alloys Sib Piv hauv Chloride Corrosion Resistance?
Ob leeg S32760 thiab 6Mo super- qib austenitic ua tiav Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number zoo siab tshaj 40, muab tso rau hauv tib sab saum toj-tier corrosion resistance qeb thiab ua rau ob qho tib si tiag tiag tsim nyog rau tag nrho cov seawater immersion, nrog rau 6Mo austenitic qib trending marginally ntau dua nyob rau hauv complementary.
S32760's PREN suav suav nrog kev pab cuam tungsten tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov qauv qauv siv rau molybdenum-tsuas yog alloys:
PREN=%Cr + 3.3 × (%Mo + 0.5 × %W) + 16 × %N
Kev siv cov qauv no nrog tus neeg sawv cev S32760 muaj pes tsawg leeg feem ntau ua rau PREN nyob rau thaj tsam li ntawm 40–41, thaum 6Mo super- qib austenitic feem ntau suav rau kwv yees li 43–46 siv tus qauv qauv. Qhov kev sib txawv no yog qhov tseeb tab sis me ntsis txheeb ze rau qhov sib txawv loj dua ob tsev neeg tuav dhau tus qauv 316L (PREN ≈ 24–26), thiab hauv cov ntsiab lus siv tau, ob qib S32760 thiab 6Mo raug suav hais tias tsim nyog rau tag nrho seawater immersion thiab aggressive chloride kev pab cuam - lub ntsiab lus corrosion resistance lawv ib leeg tsis tshua muaj kev xaiv ntawm ntug dej. Qhov sib txawv ntau dua, suav nrog tom ntej, pw hauv cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev tsim khoom ntau dua li raw pitting tsis kam.
Vim li cas S32760's Higher Strength Matter for Offshore Topside Weight Savings?
S32760 qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawm lub zog yog kwv yees li 1.8 mus rau 2 npaug ntawm 6Mo super- qib austenitic, uas tso cai rau cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv los tsim kom muaj lub ntsiab lus thinner phab ntsa thickness rau tib lub siab ntsuas - ib qho tseem ceeb, ncaj qha qhov hnyav txo uas nqa cov nqi sab saum toj ntawm txhua qhov kev tsim tawm ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv. nqi.
Cov txheej txheem sab saum toj sab saum toj yog qhov hnyav -rhiab nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas ob peb onshore txheej txheem cov nroj tsuag yog: platform structural steel, txhawb nqa, thiab lifting muaj peev xwm yog tag nrho cov loj nyob ib ncig ntawm tag nrho cov saum toj kawg nkaus qhov ceeb thawj, yog li txo qhov hnyav ntawm piping, hlab ntsha, thiab lwm yam khoom muaj ib tug nqi thiab engineering pab uas txuas mus zoo tshaj lub piping nws tus kheej.
Vim tias siab- khaws cov phab ntsa tuab rau cov qauv tsim lub siab thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm qhov sib txawv nrog cov khoom siv qhov kev cia siab - uas yog ncaj qha mus rau lub zog tawm los - S32760 lub zog ntau dua txhais tau tias yog thinner, sib dua piping piv nrog qhov sib npaug 6Mo austenitic siab. Qhov no feem ntau yog ib qho laj thawj loj tshaj plaws uas yog super duplex raug xaiv ntau dua 6Mo super- qib austenitic rau cov kav dej sab saum toj tshwj xeeb, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas ob lub alloys 'corrosion tsis kam yuav ob qho tib si ntau tshaj qhov tsim nyog.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Ob Tsev Neeg Alloy Sib Piv hauv Weldability thiab Fabrication?
6Mo super- qib austenitic feem ntau yog qhov yooj yim dua rau qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm qhov ntsuas vim tias lawv tsis muaj theem sib npaug los tswj, thaum S32760 yuav tsum nruj dua tswj cov cua sov nkag, qhov ntsuas kub, thiab cov hlau muab tub lim xaiv kom muaj qhov tseeb austenite-ferrite piv thoob plaws qhov vuam thiab cua sov{{4.}}
Raws li tau piav qhia hauv lwm cov lus qhia ntawm duplex vuam, tswj kom muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm austenite thiab ferrite nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si vuam hlau thiab cov cua sov- cuam tshuam cheeb tsam yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb hauv duplex thiab super duplex fabrication, xav tau nitrogen- boosted muab tub lim hlau, tswj cov cua sov input, thiab feem ntau welding txheej txheem kom paub tseeb tias ib leeg xwb.
6Mo super- qib austenitic tsis nqa qhov kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb no, vim tsis muaj ferrite theem uas nws qhov nyiaj tshuav yuav tsum tau khaws cia - lawv cov kev sib tw vuam hloov chaw ntawm kev zam kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov ntau dhau los txwv cov theem intermetallic tsim thiab tswj cov molybdenum microsegregation, feem ntau suav hais tias yog ib qho kev xav tau tsawg dua tag nrho cov khoom sib tw ntawm kev tswj hwm ntau dua {3} theem kev sib tw teb welds qhov zoo ib yam nyob rau hauv ntau yam sib txawv welds thiab tej yam kev mob yog ib tug tiag tiag kev txhawj xeeb.
Cov Alloy twg ua tau zoo dua nyob rau hauv qis -Tub los yog Arctic Offshore Service?
6Mo super- qib austenitic feem ntau muab kev ntseeg siab qis dua - kub toughness dua S32760 super duplex, vim tias lawv lub ntsej muag austenitic tag nrho -centered cubic qauv tsis nthuav tawm cov ductile - mus rau - nkig hloov pauv tus cwj pwm nyob rau hauv lub plex durite qhov kub thiab txias.
Lub cev-cov qauv hauv nruab nrab, suav nrog cov theem ferrite tam sim no nyob rau hauv duplex thiab super duplex stainless hlau, tuaj yeem dhau mus rau qhov zawv zawg - mus rau - nkig hloov raws li qhov kub thiab txias qis, qhov cuam tshuam qhov hnyav poob qis qis qis dua tus yam ntxwv hloov pauv kub - lub qhov dej -cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj 5} kev xaiv qis rau qhov kub thiab txias Lub ntsej muag-cov qauv hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cubic austenitic, suav nrog 6Mo super- qib austenitic, tsis pom qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm no thiab feem ntau tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.
Qhov no yog qhov tseeb, qhov kev xav tau zoo rau cov chaw ua haujlwm sab nrauv uas ua haujlwm hauv huab cua txias lossis Arctic, qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tsim hlau kub dhau los ua kev tswj hwm kev xaiv - hauv cov haujlwm no, qis- ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias (Charpy V- ntsuas ntsuas ntawm kev tswj hwm qhov kub thiab txias) yog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tshwj xeeb kom paub meej tias cov ntaub ntawv duplex. qib qis dua qhov tseem ceeb, txawm tias tseem ua tau ntau zaus, rau qhov kub thiab txias ntau dua - qib 6Mo austenitic.
Qhov Kev Pab Cuam Sour (H2S) cuam tshuam li cas rau kev xaiv ntawm Duplex thiab 6Mo Austenitic?
Cov kev pabcuam qaub uas muaj hydrogen sulfide feem ntau nyiam 6Mo super- qib austenitic tshaj S32760, vim tias kev lag luam qaub- cov qauv kev pabcuam xws li NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 txwv lub zog thiab hardness txwv uas tuaj yeem txwv ntau npaum li cas ntawm super duplex lub zog kom zoo dua tuaj yeem siv tau, qee zaum muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li lwm yam, { duplex.
Hydrogen sulfide ib puag ncig muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm sulfide kev nyuaj siab tawg, ib daim ntawv ntawm hydrogen- pab tawg uas yuav ua rau cov khoom muaj zog thiab hardness nce; lees paub qaub- cov qauv kev pabcuam raws li qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws hardness thiab, qee zaum, lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv hauv cov kev pabcuam qaub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov qib duplex thiab super duplex uas ua tiav cov alloy lub zog tag nrho feem ntau kuj txhais tau hais tias qib hardness uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag lossis tshaj cov kev txwv no.
Qhov no tsim ib qho tseeb, qee zaum muaj kev sib cav sib ceg: S32760's headline kom zoo dua 6Mo austenitic qib yog nws lub zog ntau dua, tab sis nyob rau hauv qaub- daim ntawv thov kev pabcuam tswj hwm los ntawm kev txwv nruj, lub zog ntawd yuav tsum txhob txwm txwv los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm kom nyob twj ywm raws li {{2} - thiab qhov hnyav ntawm phab ntsa - zoo dua duplex yuav txwv tsis pub. Rau cov kev pab cuam txawv teb chaws tshwj xeeb, cov pab pawg yuav tsum ntsuas kev ua raws li cov qauv kev siv qaub- kev pabcuam thaum ntxov, muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab ntau dua li qhov kev xav tias duplex qhov kev siv zog dav dav yuav txhais ncaj qha rau hauv tib qhov hnyav uas tau pom hauv qab zib (tsis yog - qaub) kev pabcuam.
Yuav Ua Li Cas S32760 thiab 6Mo Alloys Sib Piv hauv Raw Khoom Nqi?
S32760 feem ntau nqa tus nqi raw khoom qis dua ib kilogram dua li 6Mo super- qib austenitic, vim tias nws cov ntsiab lus nickel qis dua - kwv yees li 6-8% piv rau kwv yees li 18-25% - thiab npib tsib xee yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom kim tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv no yog ib qho khoom siv stainless hlau{9} tab nrog rau duplex phab ntsa-thickness txuag rau qhov tseeb nruab- nqi sib piv.
Vim tias npib tsib xee sawv cev rau qhov sib koom loj ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig nyob rau hauv siab -kev ua tau zoo stainless hlau, S32760 cov ntsiab lus qis dua nickel piv nrog 6Mo super- qib austenitic feem ntau ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig rau -kilogram tus nqi kom zoo dua, ywj siab ntawm thiab ntxiv rau phab ntsa -thickness ua ntej.
Qhov no txhais tau hais tias duplex tus nqi kom zoo dua 6Mo austenitic qib nyob rau hauv ib qho piping system feem ntau sib xyaw ua ke - tus nqi qis dua ib kilogram ntawm cov khoom siv, siv rau qhov qis dua tag nrho cov kev xav tau vim yog cov phab ntsa thinner - uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim li cas super duplex tau dhau los ua qhov kev xaiv rau offshore topside piping hauv ntau qhov dej num uas qhov kev pabcuam qaub tsis siv. Qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi no yuav tsum raug kho raws li cov lus qhia dav dav es tsis yog qhov tseeb, ruaj khov piv, vim tias ob qho tib si nickel thiab molybdenum kev lag luam yog qhov tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tuaj yeem hloov pauv tus nqi txheeb ze ntawm ob tsev neeg hlau nyob rau lub sijhawm.
Dab tsi Alloy Koj Yuav Tsum Xaiv rau Offshore Topside Piping?
S32760 super duplex feem ntau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kav dej sab saum toj uas txo qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi ua haujlwm hauv qab zib (tsis yog- qaub) chloride kev pabcuam yog tus tsav tsheb, thaum 6Mo super- qib austenitic feem ntau yog qhov nyiam qhov kev pabcuam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, qhov kub tsis tshua muaj siab toughness yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua, {4} simplified kev txhawj xeeb.
Kev sib piv ncaj qha ntawm cov qauv tsim qauv thiab cov tsev neeg hlau uas lawv nyiam nyiam:
|
Tsim Tsav Tsheb |
Favors S32760 Super Duplex |
Txaus siab rau 6Mo Super Austenitic |
|
Topside hnyav thiab structural load minimization |
Yog - lub zog siab dua tso cai rau cov kav dej nyias nyias thiab sib zog txhawb nqa |
Tsawg zog - qis zog yuav tsum tau cov phab ntsa tuab rau qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas siab |
|
Kev pabcuam qaub (H2S) nrog kev txwv nruj nruj rau NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 |
Yuav tsum tau ceev faj lub zog / hardness tswj; Kev tsim nyog thiab kev kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb |
Feem ntau nyiam - qis dua qhov muaj zog thiab hardness ua kom yooj yim qaub- kev pabcuam kev pabcuam |
|
Complex welded geometry nrog ntau qhov chaw welds |
Yuav tsum nruj dua txheej txheem vuam tswj los tswj cov theem sib npaug |
Feem ntau yooj yim dua rau weld ntseeg tau ntawm qhov ntim siab, tsis muaj theem - tshuav nyiaj li cas |
|
Tsis tshua muaj kub los yog Arctic sab saum toj raug |
Yuav tsum tau kuaj qhov tsim nyog toughness ntawm kev tswj xyuas qhov kub thiab txias |
Feem ntau nyiam vim yog qhov zoo dua qis -kub toughness |
|
Cov khoom siv raw thiab tus nqi pib yuav khoom |
Feem ntau qis dua ib kilogram vim qis nickel cov ntsiab lus |
Feem ntau siab dua ib kilogram vim yog cov ntsiab lus nickel ntau dua |
Table 2. Cov neeg sawv cev sib piv ntawm offshore topside tsim tsav tsheb thiab cov tsev neeg hlau uas lawv nyiam.
Hauv kev xyaum, ntau qhov haujlwm sab nrauv siv ob tsev neeg alloy xaiv nyob rau hauv tib lub chaw - S32760 rau cov khoom qab zib - kev pabcuam sab saum toj piping qhov twg nws lub zog thiab cov nqi siv tau zoo siv huv si, thiab 6Mo super- qib austenitic rau qee qhov qaub- cov kab kev pabcuam, qis {{6} qhov chaw, qhov chaw qis - ntim thiab simplicity yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb tseem ceeb. Qhov kev xaiv no, tus neeg tsav tsheb-raws li kev qhia tshwj xeeb, tsis yog ib qho chaw ua haujlwm- dav dav, feem ntau yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tsim vaj tsev ntau dua li qhov tiag tiag kaw ob tsev neeg hlau no nyob rau hauv tag nrho kev ua haujlwm corrosion.
Cov lus nug nquag
Puas yog S32760 tib yam alloy li duplex 2205?
Tsis muaj - S32760 yog qib super duplex nrog lub ntsiab lus siab dua chromium, molybdenum, thiab nitrogen cov ntsiab lus dua li tus qauv duplex 2205 (S32205), nrog rau cov tungsten ntxiv uas tus qauv 2205 tsis muaj, muab S32760 ntau dua PREN thiab muaj zog dua li cov qauv duplex.
S32760 thiab 6Mo super{2}}cov kav dej austenitic puas tuaj yeem txuas rau ib leeg hauv tib lub cev?
Yog lawm, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ob tsev neeg hlau yog ua tau nrog cov hlau uas tsim nyog xaiv, thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov txawv txav hauv cov haujlwm uas qhia txhua qhov kev xaiv los ntawm qhov chaw, txawm hais tias txoj kev vuam yuav tsum suav rau ob theem duplex - qhov yuav tsum tau muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm ib sab ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thiab austenitic - cov kev xav tshwj xeeb ntawm lwm tus.
Puas yog 6Mo super- austenitic piping xav tau phab ntsa tuab dua S32760 rau tib qhov kev pabcuam?
Feem ntau yog, rau tib lub siab tsim thiab txoj kab uas hla, vim tias siab- khaws cov phab ntsa tuab nrog cov kev ntxhov siab uas tso cai, thiab 6Mo austenitic qib muaj qhov muaj zog tawm los qis dua S32760; qhov no yog qhov ncaj qha mechanical hauv paus rau duplex's topside hnyav kom zoo dua tham hauv phau ntawv qhia no.
Cov hlau twg muaj ntau dua nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv sab nrauv sab nrauv uas twb muaj lawm?
Ob qho tib si tau siv dav, tab sis cov qib super duplex suav nrog S32760 tau dhau los ua ib qho kev pheej hmoo ntau ntxiv rau cov kav dej sab saum toj hauv ntau qhov haujlwm sab nrauv tsis ntev los no tshwj xeeb vim qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi zoo sib tham ntawm no, thaum 6Mo super- qib austenitic tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev pabcuam qaub, qis -kub-cov ntaub ntawv siv dav dav ua ntej, thiab legacy saws.
Puas yog S32760 haum rau thaj tsam txaws lossis subsea kev pabcuam, tsis yog cov kav dej sab saum toj xwb?
Super duplex qib suav nrog S32760 kuj tseem siv rau hauv thaj chaw txaws thiab subsea daim ntaub ntawv, txawm hais tias cov cheeb tsam no muaj lawv tus kheej cov kev txiav txim siab tshwj xeeb - xws li cathodic tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam thiab hydrogen embrittlement txaus ntshai los ntawm kev tiv thaiv ntau dhau - uas txawv ntawm sab saum toj- tsom kev sib piv hauv phau ntawv qhia no thiab yuav tsum tau cais tawm.
