Nickel Alloy Forgings: Qhib Tuag vs Kaw Tuag, Nplhaib Rolling, thiab Disc Forgings

Qhib tuag forging yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau qhov loj, kev cai, lossis qis - ntim nickel alloy duab xws li shafts thiab blocks, vim nws siv yooj yim, pheej yig tuag. Kaw tuag forging yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau siab - ntim, complex, ze ntawm -net- zoo li qhov chaw, txij li cov kab noj hniav zoo li ua rau nruj tolerances thiab superior grain ntws ncig geometric nta. Lub nplhaib dov yog tus qauv txheej txheem rau txhua lub nplhaib- zoo li cov khoom sib xws, xws li flanges lossis cov kabmob sib tw, vim tias nws ua rau lub nplhaib seamless nrog lub voj voog ncig zoo tagnrho raws li qhov kev pabcuam thauj khoom.

Disc forging yog tshwj tseg rau rotationally symmetrical, qaug zog - qhov tseem ceeb xws li turbine discs, vim hais tias nws tsim ib tug radial grain txaus qauv uas muab qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua rau qaug zog thiab tawg tsis kam nyob rau hauv lub geometry. Txoj kev zoo yog txiav txim siab feem ntau los ntawm cov duab ib feem thiab kev taw qhia kev thauj khoom, tsis yog los ntawm alloy ib leeg.

Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm Qhib Tuag, Kaw Tuag, Nplhaib Rolling, thiab Disc Forging?

Tag nrho plaub txheej txheem plastically deform ib rhuab nickel alloy billet kom tawg raws li - cam khwb cia qauv thiab dlhos cov nplej ntws nrog ib feem zoo, tab sis lawv txawv nyob rau hauv cov cuab yeej, ua tiav geometry, thiab lub resulting grain flow qauv, uas yog vim li cas txhua tus yog matched rau ib tug sib txawv yam khoom.

Forging txhim kho cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm npib tsib xee alloys piv rau castings los ntawm kev kaw nrog porosity thiab aligning cov hlau lub grain qauv raws li cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev ua hauj lwm. Cov txheej txheem plaub hauv qab no sawv cev rau txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm cov khw muag khoom zoo li nickel alloy billet rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv tau:

Qhib tuag forging:Lub billet yog ua haujlwm ntawm lub tiaj los yog yooj yim-zoo li tus tuag uas tsis muaj qhov ntim tag nrho, nrog rau tus neeg teb xov tooj lossis tus neeg tswj xyuas qhov chaw ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab los yog nias los tsim cov duab kawg. Tooling yog yooj yim thiab dav -lub hom phiaj.

Kaw tuag forging (impression tuag forging):Lub billet yog squeezed ntawm ob tug tuag machined nrog cov duab tsis zoo ntawm qhov tiav, yog li cov hlau nyob rau hauv kab noj hniav thiab yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug ze -net zoo nyob rau hauv ib los yog ob peb hits. Tooling yog ib feem - tshwj xeeb thiab kim.

Lub nplhaib Rolling:Lub pierced, donut -zoo li tus preform yog dov ntawm ib tug idler yob thiab ib tug tsav yob, nce zuj zus txo phab ntsa thickness thaum nce txoj kab uas hla, ua ib tug seamless nplhaib uas tsis muaj weld thiab tsis tuag kab noj hniav rau cov txheej txheem.

Disc forging:Lub cylindrical billet chim siab (compressed axially) thiab tom qab ntawd ua hauj lwm, feem ntau nyob rau hauv kaw tuag, mus rau hauv ib tug ca, rotationally symmetric disc duab, nrog grain ntws txhob txwm tswj kom tawg tawm sab nraud ntawm qhov chaw mus rau ntug.

Txoj kev forging twg koj yuav tsum xaiv rau loj, Custom Shapes?

Qhib tuag forging yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov loj lossis kev cai npib tsib xee alloy cov duab, xws li shafts, blocks, thiab qis -cov qauv qauv, vim tias nws zam cov cuab yeej siv siab thiab lub sijhawm ntev ntawm lub tsev ua haujlwm - tshwj xeeb kaw tuag.

Qhib tuag forging lub tiaj tus los yog yooj yim -contour tuag tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam ntawm cov duab geometry yam tsis muaj ib feem - cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb. Qhov no ua rau nws yog qhov kev xaiv ua tau zoo hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej:

Loj ib qho - thooj khoom:Shafts, rotors, thiab blocks uas tshaj qhov kev txwv qhov loj ntawm lub kaw tuag xovxwm yog ib txwm tsim los ntawm kev qhib tuag forging, txij li cov xovxwm thiab kev siv lub peev xwm, tsis tuag loj, yog qhov txwv.

Tsawg-ntau lossis qauv xaj:Lub tsev kaw qhov tuag tsuas yog kev lag luam xwb thaum tus nqi cuab yeej tuaj yeem kis tau thoob plaws qhov chaw txaus. Rau ib qho -tawm lossis luv luv- khiav nickel alloy tivthaiv, qhib tuag forging zam qhov nqi them ua ntej tag nrho.

Yooj yim geometry nrog cov nyiaj pub dawb machining:Thaum ib feem yuav raug siv dav tom qab, xws li forged block destined rau lub valve lub cev, lub looser li -forged kam rau ntawm qhib tuag forging tsis yog qhov ua tau zoo.

Kev lag luam tawm -tawm yog qhov qhib tuag forging yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam khoom lag luam thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm txawj txiav txim siab kom ua tiav cov duab zaum kawg, yog li ntawm -cov nqi thiab cov sij hawm txhuas tuaj yeem siab dua qhov kaw tuag forging ib zaug ntim nce.

Txoj kev twg muab cov qoob loo zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam?

Kaw tuag, lub nplhaib dov, thiab disc forging tag nrho cov tsim cov nplej ntws uas ua raws li qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov contour, uas feem ntau ua rau qaug zog zoo dua thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo dua li qhib tuag forging nyob rau hauv tib qhov chaw, vim tias qhib tuag cov duab yuav tsum tau siv ntau lub tshuab tom qab uas tuaj yeem txiav hla cov nplej.

Grain flow piav qhia txog cov kev taw qhia uas cov hlau sab hauv cov qauv nplej thiab txhua qhov kev sib xyaw ua ke tau ua raws tom qab forging. Ib feem yog qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws thaum cov nplej khiav mus rau qhov sib npaug mus rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm tus thawj coj kev ntxhov siab hauv kev pabcuam, thiab tsis muaj zog tshaj plaws thaum machining nthuav tawm cov nplej kawg (kawg nplej) ntawm qhov nyuaj siab heev.

Closed tuag forging:Vim hais tias cov kab noj hniav tuag sib phim rau qhov ua tiav cov duab, cov nplej ntws ua raws li ib feem ntawm cov contours ncaj qha, thiab tsawg kawg machining yog xav tau kom ncav cuag qhov ntev, khaws cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb xws li fillets.

Lub nplhaib Rolling:Ua cov nplej khiav uas khiav ncig ncig lub nplhaib, uas zoo ib yam nrog lub hoop kev nyuaj siab uas dominates loading nyob rau hauv flanges, bearing haiv neeg, thiab siab - tuav rings.

Disc forging:Ua ib qho kev tswj hwm radial lossis kauv nplej ntws los ntawm lub disc qhov chaw mus rau nws lub ntug, uas yog tsim tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv cov centrifugal thiab thermal stresses pom nyob rau hauv rotating Cheebtsam xws li turbine discs.

Qhib tuag forging:Cov nplej ntws ua raws li kev ua haujlwm dav dav ntawm billet, tab sis vim tias cov khoom siv ntau dua raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kom ncav cuag qhov kawg, cov nplej ntws ntawm qhov ua tiav yog tsawg dua qhov kev kwv yees thiab feem ntau yuav nthuav tawm cov nplej kawg ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb.

Txoj kev twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau Nplhaib -Pib lossis Cylindrical Cheebtsam?

Lub nplhaib dov yog tus qauv thiab tus nqi tshaj plaws -txoj kev zoo rau txhua lub nplhaib- zoo li npib tsib xee alloy tivthaiv, vim tias nws tsim ib qho seamless nrog ib ncig ntawm cov nplej ntws nyob rau hauv ib tug tas mus li txheej txheem, tsis muaj tus nqi tuag ntawm kaw tuag forging.

Flanges, siab hlab ntsha nozzles, bearing haiv neeg, thiab compressor casing rings yuav luag ib txwm teev raws li lub nplhaib - dov forgings thaum ua los ntawm npib tsib xee alloy. Cov txheej txheem pib nrog ib tug pierced, donut -zoo li tus preform, uas yog ces dov mus rau hauv loj hlob nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla thaum nws phab ntsa thickness yog txo mus rau lub hom phiaj dimension, zoo ib yam li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus rau dov tawm mov paj.

Tsis muaj weld seam:Tsis zoo li dov -thiab-welded nplhaib, lub nplhaib- dov forging tsis muaj seam, tshem tawm qhov chaw muaj peev xwm rau corrosion los yog qaug zog tawg pib, qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau corrosion- pabcuam nickel alloy Cheebtsam.

Kev siv cov khoom siv tau zoo:Vim tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sib tsoo preform ze rau qhov kawg ntawm lub nplhaib, cov khoom siv tsawg dua yog nkim piv rau machining lub nplhaib los ntawm qhib tuag forged dawb paug lossis phaj.

Scalable txoj kab uas hla:Lub nplhaib dov mills tuaj yeem tsim cov kab uas hla ntawm ob peb centimeters mus rau ob peb meters, npog txhua yam los ntawm cov khoom siv me me mus rau lub tshuab cua loj lossis lub zog tsim hluav taws xob.

Txoj kev twg yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau Disc -Cov Cheebtsam Zoo li Turbine Log?

Disc forging yog tib txoj kev uas tso siab tau tsim cov radial grain flow qauv uas yuav tsum tau rau qaug zog - tseem ceeb, rotationally loaded npib tsib xee alloy Cheebtsam xws li turbine discs, compressor log, thiab rotor hubs.

Turbine discs muaj qee qhov kev xav tau tshaj plaws ua ke ntawm cov khoom siv forged: siab centrifugal kev ntxhov siab los ntawm kev sib hloov, thermal gradients nruab nrab ntawm qhov kub thiab txias bore, thiab cyclic qaug zog loading tshaj kaum tawm txhiab lub davhlau lossis kev khiav haujlwm. Nickel superalloys xws li Inconel 718 thiab Waspaloy raug xaiv rau cov khoom no tshwj xeeb vim tias lawv khaws lub zog ntawm qhov kub siab, tab sis qhov zoo ntawm lub zog tsuas yog pom tau yog tias cov txheej txheem forging muab cov qauv zoo hauv cov nplej.

Disc forging ua tiav qhov no los ntawm kev ntxhov siab rau lub billet thiab tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm, feem ntau los ntawm ntau qhov kev sib tsoo lossis kev sib txuas ntawm kev qhib thiab kaw tuag, kom cov nplej ntws tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub disc mus rau sab nraud. Qhov kev taw qhia no tso cov nplej ntws sib npaug mus rau qhov tseem ceeb centrifugal kev nyuaj siab, ua kom lub neej qaug zog thiab tawg tsis kam. Rau qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws aerospace daim ntawv thov, disc forgings yog ntxiv ua tiav los ntawm kev tswj cua txias thiab kev kho cua sov cycles, thiab feem ntau raug rau ultrasonic tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb uas tsim los xyuas kom meej muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog sab hauv tsis xws luag ua ntej qhov kev pab cuam.

Yuav Ua Li Cas Lub Sijhawm Leading thiab Tus Nqi Them Sib Piv Ntawm Txoj Kev?

Qhib tuag forging muaj tus nqi qis tshaj plaws thiab lub sij hawm siv lub sij hawm luv tshaj plaws tab sis qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm - daim machining nqi ntawm ntim; kaw tuag thiab disc forging nqa tseem ceeb upfront tuag tus nqi uas them tawm tsuas yog nyob rau nruab nrab mus rau siab ntau lawm; lub nplhaib dov zaum nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, txij li lub nplhaib zeb cuab yeej (mandrels thiab yob) yog qhov tsawg dua qhov - tshwj xeeb tshaj qhov kaw qhov tuag.

Rau ib tus qauv turbine disc, pawg engineering qee zaum hloov qhov qhib tuag forging ua raws li kev siv lub tshuab hnyav kom tsis txhob muaj disc -cov nqi tshwj xeeb tuag, lees txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov nplej hauv kev sib pauv kom sai, qis dua - tus nqi xa khoom ntawm ib feem ntawm txoj kev loj hlob.

Txhua txoj hauv kev cuam tshuam li cas rau Dimensional Tolerance thiab Machining Allowance?

Kaw tuag thiab disc forgings tuaj yeem tsim los ze zog rau cov duab zoo nrog cov khoom siv tsawg dua, thaum qhib tuag forgings thiab, rau qhov tsawg dua, lub nplhaib - dov qhov yuav tsum tau siv nyiaj ntau dua machining kom muaj tseeb raws li - forged nto.

Qhib tuag forging:Raws li - forged tolerances yog qhov xoob ntawm plaub txoj hauv kev, feem ntau xav tau 5 mus rau 15 mm lossis ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv hauv ib qhov chaw nyob ntawm qhov loj me, vim tias cov duab nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm hnyav.

Closed tuag forging:Cov kab noj hniav tuag tuaj yeem tuav tau qhov haum rau ze rau -net- cov khoom seem, feem ntau yuav tsum tau tsuas yog ob peb millimeters ntawm machining Tshuag, uas txo cov nqi kim npib tsib xee alloy tshem tawm raws li seem.

Lub nplhaib Rolling:Niaj hnub nimno lub computer- tswj lub nplhaib mills ua tau zoo seem rov ua tau zoo ntawm txoj kab uas hla thiab phab ntsa tuab, txawm tias flange ntsej muag thiab ntsia liaj qhov rooj - qhov nta tseem xav tau kev ua haujlwm tom qab dov.

Disc forging:Precision disc forging txheej txheem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau aerospace turbine discs, tuaj yeem mus ze ze ntawm -net shape ntawm lub disc lub cev, tawm hauv machining nyiaj pub rau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam xws li cov bore thiab ntug txuas.

Cov Codes thiab cov qauv twg tswj hwm Nickel Alloy Forgings?

AMS specifications tswj aerospace-qib nickel alloy forgings xws li turbine discs, ASTM A961 thiab API 6A tswj hwm kev lag luam thiab cov roj av forgings, thiab ASME B16.5 lossis B16.47 tswj lub nplhaib- dov flanges, nrog NADCAP nquag ua haujlwm rau accreditation.

AMS specifications (SAE Aerospace Material Specifications):Tswj chemistry, mechanical zog, grain flow requirements, thiab tshuaj ntsuam xyuas rau aerospace nickel superalloy forgings xws li Inconel 718 thiab Waspaloy turbine discs.

ASTM A961 Cov Lus Qhia:Muab cov kev cai dav dav rau txhua qhov wrought hlau thiab npib tsib xee alloy piping tivthaiv forgings, npog cov khoom siv, kev kho cua sov, thiab cov cim cim uas tau hais los ntawm ntau tus neeg cov khoom tshwj xeeb.

API 6A / API 6D:Tswj forgings siv nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, valve, thiab pipeline khoom, ntxiv cov kev cai rau hydrogen sulfide kev pab cuam thiab NACE MR0175 ua raws li qhov muaj feem.

ASME B16.5 / B16.47:Tswj qhov loj me thiab siab- qhov ntsuas kub qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lub nplhaib- dov yeeb nkab flanges, suav nrog nickel alloy flanges siv hauv cov txheej txheem corrosive.

NADCAP kev lees paub:Ib qho kev lag luam- tswj hwm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb uas yuav tsum tau muaj feem ntau ntawm kev tsim cov khoom tsim tawm hauv aerospace- cov nickel superalloy discs thiab rings tseem ceeb, npog kev kho cua sov, tsis yog - kev sim ua kom puas, thiab kev tswj cov txheej txheem forging.

Cov lus nug nquag

Yuav qhib tuag forging siv los ua lub nplhaib zoo li cas?

Yog lawm, los ntawm cov txheej txheem qee zaum hu ua qhib lub nplhaib tuag forging lossis lub eeb forging, tab sis lub nplhaib tshwm sim yuav tsis muaj qhov seamless, radially thinned phab ntsa thiab circumferential nplej ntws ntawm lub nplhaib dov tiag tiag, thiab feem ntau yog tshwj tseg rau qhov loj lossis tuab heev - cov nplhaib nplhaib sab nraum lub nplhaib zeb muaj peev xwm.

Vim li cas ho tsis tuaj yeem kaw tuag forging tsuas yog siv rau txhua qhov nickel alloy?

Kaw tuag forging yuav tsum muaj ib feem - tshwj xeeb tuag, uas sawv cev rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam tseem ceeb uas tsuas yog ua rau kev txiav txim siab nyiaj txiag thaum kis thoob plaws qhov chaw txaus. Rau qhov loj, kev cai, los yog tsawg heev - ntim cov khoom, tus nqi ntawm cov cuab yeej tshaj qhov ze ntawm -net- cov txiaj ntsig zoo.

Lub nplhaib dov puas haum rau siab -siab nickel alloy flanges?

Yog lawm. Nplhaib dov yog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom rau siab- ntsuas nickel alloy flanges, txij li kev siv seamless thiab circumferential nplej ntws ncaj qha txhawb nqa qhov kev ntxhov siab uas ua rau flange loading hauv siab.

Vim li cas cov nplej ntws ntws tseem ceeb heev rau cov turbine discs tshwj xeeb?

Turbine discs ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev sib hloov siab -kev sib hloov ceev, uas ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab centrifugal tawm sab nraud tawm ntawm lub bore mus rau ntug. Aligning grain flow nyob rau tib lub radial kev taw qhia ua rau lub disc tsis kam mus rau qaug zog tawg thiab kev puas tsuaj tawg tsis ua hauj lwm dhau nws lub neej ua haujlwm.

Txoj kev forging puas cuam tshuam rau corrosion tsis kam ntawm nickel alloy?

Tsis ncaj. Corrosion kuj yog feem ntau ua haujlwm ntawm alloy chemistry thiab deg mob, tsis yog txoj kev forging. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev forging cuam tshuam rau sab hauv lub suab thiab cov nplej ntws, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev ntxhov siab corrosion cracking tsis kam nyob rau hauv qee qhov kev pabcuam.