Tsis pub dhau lub dav hlau loj, cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam piping uas cov khoom siv kub, thiab thauj khoom kub, fittings yog cov neeg tsis paub cai. THIB HLOOV HLOOV LUB CAIJ, TEE MER CALES, Redrucers Trackition ntau thiab thiab lub kaus mom ntim xaus. Qhov kev ua yuam kev thiab, kev nyab xeeb, kev nyab xeeb ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke yog nyob ntawm kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txuas.
Lawv yuav tsum tiv thaiv lub zog loj heev, hnyav heev, cov kua ntshav, kev co, thiab kev ntxhov siab yam tsis muaj kev poob. Nov yog qhov kev tsim qauv ntawm cov kev ua kom haum yuav ua tiav. Ob tus thawj cov txheej txheem dominate ntau lawm ntawm cov siab- kev ua tau zoo xim me me: Forging thiab Wrouging Fabrication.
Thaum ob qho tib si luam cov khoom tseem ceeb, nkag siab txog lawv cov kev sib txawv hauv kev tsim, thiab kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws rau cov engineers, cov kws tshaj lij, thiab cov kws tshaj lij. Kev xaiv qhov tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau kom xau, kev ua phem tsis ua tiav, downtime, thiab kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb. Qhov sib sib zog nqus no txuas "forged" piv rau "fittings" fittings "ua kom koj txiav txim siab rau koj qhov project tom ntej.
Dab tsi yog f fitting fittings?
Forged fittings yug los ntawm cov kos duab thaum ub thiab muaj zog ntawm kev quav ntsej, tus txheej txheem uas kho dua hlau ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais. Nws pib nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus billet lossis bar ntawm siab- cov hlau zoo - cov hlau nplaum, cov hlau uas quav cab, lossis cov nickel alloys muaj ntau. Cov billet no yog rhuab ua kom sov rau qhov kub thiab txias uas cov hlau ua cov yas tab sis tsis molten.
Thaum nyob hauv lub xeev malleable, nws yog raug ua kom muaj zog sib xyaw ua ke, yog los ntawm kev rov ua dua li cov rauj uas muaj zog lossis txuas ntxiv mus los ntawm cov xovxwm hydraulic. Lub zog no tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhib kev tuag lossis kev tuag. Kev ua haujlwm zoo heev ua haujlwm yog hloov chaw: nws tawg thiab ua kom cov hlau sib dhos, porosity, thiab cais cov neeg muaj peev xwm hauv lub pob qij.
Cov nplej tau elongated thiab mus raws li raws cov contours ntawm qhov haum cov duab, tsim kev khiav mus txuas ntxiv, tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam. Qhov kev tshwm sim no ua rau muaj kev sib haum nrog qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, homogeneity, thiab lub zog. Forged fittings khav ntau zog cov khoom siv kom cam-fab siab thiab cov ntsiab lus sib zog ua kom muaj zog, muaj zog dua, thiab kev qaug zog zoo heev.
Cov qauv piv txwv muaj qhov rooj zaum muaj xws li ntswj wittings, threaded flanges, forged flanges, thiab siab {{} siab} siab muaj feem ntau. Lawv yog qhov tsim kom nruj rau cov qauv zoo li ASME B16.11 thiab mss - sp-79, -97, ua kom muaj kev sib xws thiab ua kom muaj kev sib xws.
Dab tsi yog whought fittings?
Lo lus "wrought fittings" hauv cov pip niaj hnub no yog hais txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cov khoom siv wrought, uas yog phaj, lossis phaj / ntawv hlau. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias "Wrought" ntawm no qhia txog cov khoom pib, tsis yog lub ntsiab lus keeb kwm ntawm tes}} Hammered hlau. Cov ntaub ntawv hauv paus yog lawv tus kheej "cov khoom siv" - tsis tas li ntawd, lossis kev kos duab thaum lawv pib ua kom zoo dua li cam khwb cia sib npaug.
Lub fabrication ntawm kev sib haum nws tus kheej cuam tshuam txiav, khoov, thiab vuam ua ntej {{manudufpufapes cov duab rau hauv kev teeb tsa. Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb muaj xws li:
Dabtsi yog khoov: Yeeb lossis Tube yog khoov rau hauv lauj tshib (piv txwv li, 90 degree) siv cov hau kev uas zoo li kev sib tw nrog MANRRELS kom tswj kev ncig.
Kev tsim thiab vuam: Tees yog tsim los ntawm vuam ib ceg yeeb nkab mus rau cov yeeb nkab khiav. Reducers yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav thiab vuam taperated ntu los ntawm phaj los yog los ntawm kev txo cov yeeb nkab xaus. Lub kaus mom feem ntau nias lossis tsim los ntawm phaj thiab tej zaum yuav muaj lub ntsej muag ci ntsa iab.
Extrusion: qee qhov me dua wrought luj tshib lossis cov ntawv kub yuav ua rau muaj cov nqi, tab sis qhov no tsis tshua muaj kauv los ntawm cov yeeb nkab / phaj rau cov qauv fittings.
Qhov kev txhais cov yam ntxwv ntawm wrought fittings yog lub xub ntiag ntawm welded seams thiab / lossis bent ntu. Thaum lub hauv paus wrught cov khoom muaj cov khoom zoo, qhov kawg haum cov khoom siv kev sab ntuj ntau rau kev ua haujlwm zoo nkauj thiab kev ua haujlwm. Tib neeg wrought fittings xws li taub qab- weld lauj tshij, cuss, thiab mss - sp-43 lossis SP-75.
Forged vs. wrought fittings
Sab hauv qauv
- Forged: Pib ua cov khoom siv, homogeneous loj. Tus duab ua kom tawv nqaij thaum huab cua sov. Grain qauv yog kho kom zoo, ua raws li, thiab txuas ntxiv thoob plaws tag nrho cov haum. Tsis muaj Welds txhais cov thawj qhov zoo; Nws yog monolithic. Xav txog nws raws li sculpting zog los ntawm ib tug thaiv.
- Wrought: pib ua ntej - mives ua cov khoom siv wrought. Zoo li tus los ntawm kev txiav, khoov, kev sib sau, thiab kev sib daj sib xws, vuam muag ua ke. Lis cov qauv, thaum zoo nyob hauv cov khoom siv hauv paus, cuam tshuam ntawm Welds. Cov cua sov -} kev cuam tshuam thaj chaw (Hz) ze Welsd tau hloov kho, muaj feem muaj zog zog. Txoj kev sib haum tuaj yeem ua rau muaj thinning. Lub ntsiab lus kawg yog kev sib dhos, tsis muaj monolithic.
Khoom Sib Txawv
Qhov sib txawv no hauv keeb kwm profoundly cuam tshuam cov khoom siv:
- Forged Grain Flow: Lub zog forging siab tsim cov duab taw qhia kev txaus ntshai uas ua raws li cov haum. Qhov qauv nraaj unbroken no muab lub zog siab tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kab ntawm kev ntxhov siab tshaj plaws. Nws txo qis cov ntsiab lus tsis muaj zog thiab tsis ua haujlwm.
- Wrought Wring cov kev sib tw: Thaum lub hauv paus cov yeeb nkab lossis phaj muaj cov qauv siv wrought, cov txheej txheem vuam qhia tau cov kev sib txuas tsis muaj peev xwm. Lub weld hlau nws tus kheej yuav tsum fuse txig nrog lub hauv paus hlau.
Ntau dua qhov yooj yim, lub taub hau cua sov nrawm nrawm thiab cua txias rau hauv vuam, hloov nws cov microstructure thiab muaj peev xwm txo cov tawv thiab corrosion tsis kam piv rau lub hauv paus hlau. Dabtsi yog khoov tau kuj tseem tuaj yeem qhia cov thinning thiab ua haujlwm hnyav. Kev tswj cov vuam zoo thiab kev sib sau yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kev Ntsuas Siab thiab Kev Ua Tau Zoo
Cov txheej txheem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm forged fittings txhais lus ncaj qha rau cov kev ntsuas siab dua:
- Forged dominance nyob rau hauv siab siab: Vim yog lawv ntom, forged fittings tau ua rau muaj cov khoom siv thiab cov neeg siv hluav taws xob ntxiv rau wrought taub hau. Lawv yog cov kev xaiv uas yuav tsum tau rau siab- cov tshuab siab, qhov tseem ceeb} qhov siab} - qhov chaw poob siab.
- Wrought haumed: Wrought Taub Qab -} vuam fittings yog zoo kawg nkaus txaus kom zoo rau cov ntawv thov qis rau nruab nrab qhov kev thov siab. Lawv cov kev ntsuas siab tau txaus rau cov dej kab, qis {{}} cov tshuab cog, thiab kev siv cov khoom siv. Lawv welded kev tsim kho kev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke rau hauv cov kav dej welded ntau yam ntawm nplai loj.
Qhov loj
- Forged: txuag tau zoo heev thiab tsim cov chaw muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv qhov ntau me me, feem ntau Nps 4 nti thiab hauv qab no. Nov yog tus sau ntawm qhov chaw weld thiab xov fittings. Thaum fitting fittings muaj nyob rau Nps 4 "lossis qee zaum loj dua, tus nqi thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam ua kom diameters.
- WROUGHT: Qhov tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem rau kev sib dos loj dua, feem ntau Nps 2 nti thiab saum toj no, thiab tsuas yog cov tswv yim ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg heev. Cov fittings ntawm phaj los ntawm phaj lossis loj {2} txoj kab uas hla rov qab muaj ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li kev lom zem ntawm cov nplai no. Taub qab - vuam yog cov qauv sib txuas.
Tus nqi txiav txim siab
Kev tsim khoom nyuaj ua rau tus nqe:
- Forged: Cov txheej txheem xav tau lub zog tseem ceeb, tshuab hnyav, tuag tshwj xeeb, thiab feem ntau cov machining. Qhov no ua rau forged fittings ntau kim rau ib phaus dua li muab tau wrought fittings.
- WROUGHT: Fabrication cov txheej txheem feem ntau tsis muaj peev xwm tsawg dua thiab siv tau ntau dua rau cov kab uas ua haujlwm loj thiab ntau dua rau kev teeb tsa loj thiab cov qauv kev teeb tsa.
Tag
Forged thiab wrought fittings tsis yog cov neeg sib tw, tab sis ntxiv cov ncej roj hmab, txhua qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv nws tau xaiv tiag tiag. Forged fittings sawv cev rau lub zog, kev ncaj ncees, thiab kev ntseeg siab rau {} {{{5 {5 5}} tseem ceeb. Lawv cov khoom, cov nplej {- kho kom zoo, monolithic kev tsim kho muab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb uas tsis ua hauj lwm. WROUGHT fittings muab cov tswv yim, nqi {9 {} {} {} {} {{{{} lub phaj nruab nrab ntawm welded siv thiab cov phaj kom zoo txuas txuas hluav taws xob.
Nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem tsim kev tsim qauv, ua rau cov khoom siv, ua kom muaj peev xwm, kev txwv tsis pub muaj nqis tsis yog kev kawm. Raws li cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam hauv paus hauv av hauv metallurgical kev txawj ntse, peb tau txais daim ntawv thov ntawm siab-}}} Cov kev pab cuam uas lawv tau txais tsis tau. Xaiv kom muaj txiaj ntsig, tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
